You work in the decryption department and intercepted the message of the enemy agent. It is known that a lot of "noise" & mdash is added to the message; extra characters. Your senior comrade found out the key to the cipher: this information is contained only in the title Russian vowel letters ( a, o, y, s, e, e, e, yu, and ) and numbers (
your task: Write a program that takes on the entrance an encrypted line, and then displays only meaningful symbols (overhead Russian vowels and numbers). Each symbol found should be displayed on a new line.
The encrypted message (type: line). It can contain any symbols: Russian and English letters in different register, numbers, punctuation marks and special systems.
Symbols of a decrypted message (type: line), each on a new line. If there are no meaningful characters in the original line, the program does not display anything.
I enter the building. Code 7701. I am waiting for instructions.
o
U
and
e
7
7
0
1
U
and
and
EN
RU
EN
RU
forcycleThe for loop in Python is your main tool for iterating through elements in any sequence. Imagine that you have a box with different items. The for loop allows you to take one item at a time, do something with it, and move on to the next until the items in the box run out.
It is used to iterate over sequences such as lists, strings, tuples, sets, or even keys in a dictionary. The same block of code is executed for each element of the sequence.
Syntax:
for element in sequence:
# a block of code that will be executed for each element
# IMPORTANT: this block must be indented!
Here, the element is a temporary variable that is assigned a different value from the sequence at each iteration. You can name this variable any way you want, but it's better to choose a meaningful name (for example, fruit for a list of fruits or letter for a string).
A list is an ordered collection of items. The for loop will run through it from the first element to the last.
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
for fruit in fruit:
print(fruit)
Conclusion:
apple
banana
cherry
A string is, in fact, a sequence of characters. Therefore, the for loop can iterate over it just as easily.
word = "Python"
for a letter in a word:
print(letter)
Conclusion:
P
y
t
h
o
n
break and continueSometimes you don't have to go through the whole cycle to the end. There are special operators for this.
break operatorThe break operator is used to immediately and completely terminate the loop. As soon as the program encounters a break, it immediately exits the loop and continues execution from the next line of code after it.
A useful tip: break is indispensable when you are looking for something. Once you've found what you're looking for, there's no point in continuing the search.
Example: We have a list of numbers, and we want to find the first even number and stop the loop as soon as it is found.
numbers = [1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10]
for num in numbers:
if num % 2 == 0: # Check for parity
print(f"The first even number is found: {num}")
break # Immediately exit the loop
print("The loop is completed.")
Conclusion:
The first even number was found: 6
The cycle is completed.
Please note that the numbers 7, 9, and 10 were not checked, as the cycle was interrupted by the number 6.
continue operatorThe continue operator is used to skip the current iteration and immediately move on to the next one. All the code that is in the loop after continue will not be executed for the current element.
A useful tip: continue is very convenient for "filtering" data inside a loop. If the current item doesn't suit you by some criterion, you just skip it and move on to the next one.
Example: We have a list of numbers, and we want to output all the numbers except the even ones.
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
for num in numbers:
if num % 2 == 0: # Check for parity
continue # If the number is even, skip print() and go to the next number.
print(num)
Conclusion:
1
3
5
7
9
When num was equal to 2, 4, 6, etc., the if condition was met, continue skipped the print(num) command, and the loop immediately started a new iteration.
break and continue is in a nutshellbreak: "Stop, car!". Stops the cycle completely.continue: "This one doesn't fit, let's do the next one!". Skips only the current step.else block in the forThe for loop may have an optional else block. This block is executed only if the loop has completed all its iterations naturally, that is, it has not been interrupted by the break operator.
A useful tip: It is a very powerful tool for search tasks. The else block makes it easy to handle a situation where the search has ended but nothing has been found.
Example 1: The loop ended normally
for number in range(3):
print(number)
else:
print("The cycle is completed without interruptions.")
Conclusion:
0
1
2
The cycle is completed without interruptions.
Example 2: The loop is interrupted by the break
for number in range(3):
if number == 1:
print("We found 1, we break the loop.")
break
print(number)
else:
# This block will not be executed because there was a break
print("The cycle is completed without interruptions.")
Conclusion:
0
We found 1, we interrupt the cycle.
This is a classic task for understanding how to work with a cycle and accumulate results.
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
amount = 0 # Initialize the variable to store the amount BEFORE the loop
for a number in numbers:
sum += number # At each iteration, we add the current number to the total
print(f' Sum: {sum}') # Output the final result AFTER the loop
Conclusion: Amount: 15
A useful tip: Although this method perfectly demonstrates how the loop works, in real code it is better to use the built-in sum() function to find the sum of the list elements: print(sum(numbers)). It's shorter and more efficient.
Here we assume that the first element is the maximum, and then in the loop we compare it with all the others.
numbers = [1, 7, 3, 9, 5]
maximum = numbers[0] # We take the first element as the temporary maximum
for a number in numbers:
if the number is > maximum: # If we find a number greater than our maximum...
maximum = number # ...then we update the maximum
print(f' Maximum: {maximum}')
Conclusion: Maximum: 9
A useful tip: As with the sum, Python has a built-in function max() for this task: print(max(numbers)). Knowing these functions saves time, but understanding how they work using the for loop is a key skill for a programmer.
# Получаем зашифрованное сообщение от пользователя
encrypted_message = input()
# Создаем строку со всеми "правильными" символами для удобства проверки
# Это заглавные русские гласные и все цифры
valid_chars = 'АОУЫЭЯЕЁЮИ0123456789'
# Начинаем цикл, который перебирает каждый символ в полученной строке
for char in encrypted_message:
# Проверяем, есть ли текущий символ в нашей строке с "правильными" символами
if char in valid_chars:
# Если символ "правильный", выводим его на экран
print(char)1 - Read the task and understand what needs to be done
2 - The example shows how the input data will be provided and what output is expected
3 - Write the code considering the input, output, and the task itself.
1 - The “Run” button executes your code only on one set of input data, and you’ll see the result in the output window.
2 - The “Test on All Cases” button runs your code against all test cases. If all tests pass, a banner will appear. If even one test fails, it will be highlighted in red.
To change the input data, click the “Run Test” button next to the input data you want to execute.
1 - Input Data is the window containing the values loaded into your program in place of input()
2 - Program Output is the window showing what your program prints. If it’s green, the output matches the expected result; if red, there are differences.
3 - Expected Output is the reference value used to verify the solution.
1 - Green means the program produced the correct output
2 - Red means the program’s output didn’t match the expected output for this data. The program output and the expected output must be identical, including spaces and punctuation!
If you see this banner, congratulations — everything is correct.
1 - The first 10 tasks are quite easy and contain hints covering only the essential parts of the topic.
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2 - It always includes a detailed video.
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You did an excellent job with the task! It was a challenging problem, but you found the correct solution. You are one step closer to mastering programming! Keep up the good work, because every stage you pass makes you even stronger.
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Running your code...